Table 2 Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients recruited into the study
| Â | Overall | Not admitted to ICU | Admitted to ICU |
|---|---|---|---|
N = 48 | n = 37 | n = 11 | |
Male sex | 32 (66.7) | 25 (67.6) | 7 (63.6) |
Age | 51.0 [40, 58] | 51 [36, 60] | 48 [42, 56] |
Ethnicity | |||
 Arabic | 3 (6.2) | 1 (2.7) | 2 (18.2) |
 Indian/Pakistani | 20 (41.7) | 12 (32.4) | 8 (72.7) |
 Black | 8 (16.7) | 8 (21.6) | 0 (0.0) |
 Mixed | 1 (2.1) | 1 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) |
 Caucasian | 16 (33.3) | 15 (40.5) | 1 (9.1) |
BMI kg/m2 N = 43 | 29.7 [27.0, 34.7] | 30.2 [26.7, 34.0] | 29.1 [28.2, 37.3] |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 12 (25.0) | 8 (21.6) | 4 (36.4) |
Hypertension | 12 (25.0) | 8 (21.6) | 4 (36.4) |
Ischaemic heart disease | 2 (4.2) | 2 (5.4) | 0 (0.0) |
CKD (stage 2 +) | 4 (8.3) | 2 (5.4) | 2 (18.2) |
Heart failure (NYHA 3 +) | 1 (2.1) | 1 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) |
COPD | 3 (6.2) | 2 (5.4) | 1 (9.1) |
Asthma | 13 (27.1) | 9 (24.3) | 4 (36.4) |
Smoking status | |||
 Current smoker | 4 (8.3) | 2 (5.4) | 2 (18.2) |
 Ex-smoker | 9 (18.8) | 7 (18.9) | 2 (18.2) |
 Never smoked | 32 (66.7) | 25 (67.6) | 7 (63.6) |
 Unknown | 3 (6.2) | 3 (8.1) | 0 (0.0) |
Rockwood frailty score | |||
 1 | 15 (31.2) | 11 (29.7) | 4 (36.4) |
 2 | 17 (35.4) | 15 (40.5) | 2 (18.2) |
 3 | 14 (29.2) | 10 (27.0) | 4 (36.4) |
 4 | 2 (4.2) | 1 (2.7) | 1 (9.1) |